Úvod do aproximálního numerického systému
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14712/23362189.2017.410Abstrakt
Abstrakt: V následující přehledové studii se snažíme shrnout základní poznatky o aproximálním numerickém systému (ANS) u člověka. V úvodu se věnujeme vymezení ANS, popisujeme jeho základní principy, mechanismy a neuroanatomickou lokalizaci systému. V další části studie identifkujeme průnik kognitivních funkcí ANS se základními kognitivními funkcemi, jež jsou nutné pro úspěšné zvládnutí školní i předškolní matematiky. Zaměřujeme se primárně na vzájemný vztah mezi ANS a matematickými schopnostmi a prostor věnujeme i kontroverzi, která v současné chvíli panuje v otázkách metodologického uchopení tohoto vztahu. V textu dále uvádíme poznatky z aktuálních studií, jež se pokoušejí o trénink ANS s cílem pozitivně působit na obecné matematické schopnosti. Poslední část patří možnostem využití ANS v pedagogické praxi, včetně zdůraznění klíčových mechanismů pro efektivní zařazení do praktické výuky.Klíčová slova: aproximální numerický systém, matematické nadání, neuropsychologie, intraparietální sulkus, kognice.
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